A number of western models of social case work and psychotherapy have emerged in the past decades: classical (for instance, psychoanalytic therapy, psychosocial therapy, problem-solving theory, family therapy, gestalt therapy, behavior therapy) and contemporary (for instance, cognitive behavior therapy, task-centered treatment, strengths- based approach etc). These models of therapy have been extensively used by psychologists and psychiatric social workers in treating persons with mental health issues all over the world, in India and claimed to be effective. However, many mental health professionals have observed that psychotherapy, as practiced in the West, might be suitable only for those living in metropolitan cities of India and not for majority of the Indian population.

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